Understanding the Different Levels of Anesthesia: What You Need to Know

Interventional Radiology (IR) is a rapidly growing medical specialty that uses advanced imaging techniques to diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions in a minimally invasive way. At Murfreesboro Vascular and Interventional, we are proud to offer cutting-edge interventional radiology treatments, providing patients with effective, targeted care that often eliminates the need for traditional surgery. But what exactly is interventional radiology, and how does it benefit patients? What is Interventional Radiology? Interventional Radiology involves the use of medical imaging technologies—such as X-rays, CT scans, ultrasound, and Fluoroscopy—to guide small instruments, like catheters and needles, through the body to treat disease. This enables physicians to perform precise procedures with minimal disruption to surrounding tissues, offering a safer, quicker, and less painful alternative to conventional surgery. IR procedures can be used to treat a wide range of conditions, including: Vascular diseases like peripheral artery disease (PAD) and varicose veins Cancer treatments, including targeted therapies like tumor ablation Non-surgical treatment for uterine fibroids, such as Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) Treatments for liver and kidney issues, such as bile duct blockages or kidney stones Minimally invasive biopsies and drainage procedures How Interventional Radiology Works IR specialists are highly trained to use imaging techniques to see inside the body and perform procedures through tiny incisions—often no larger than a pinhole. Here's an overview of the process: Imaging Guidance: Using real-time imaging, the interventional radiologist pinpoints the exact area needing treatment. This high level of precision ensures that only the targeted area is addressed, while healthy tissue remains unaffected. Minimally Invasive Access: A small incision is made to introduce the catheter or needle into the body. Through this access point, tiny instruments can be guided directly to the problem area, whether it’s a blood vessel, organ, or other tissue. Treatment Delivery: Once in place, the interventional radiologist performs the procedure, which could involve inserting stents to open up blood vessels, embolizing (blocking) blood flow to shrink fibroids or tumors, or ablating cancerous tissue using extreme heat or cold. The Benefits of Interventional Radiology Interventional Radiology offers numerous benefits to patients, making it an attractive alternative to traditional surgery in many cases. 1. Minimally Invasive One of the most significant advantages of IR is that it is minimally invasive. The procedures are performed through tiny incisions, which means: Less pain: Smaller incisions cause less trauma to the body, resulting in less postoperative pain. Lower risk of complications: With fewer cuts and less exposure of internal tissues, the risk of infections and other complications is reduced. Faster recovery: Most patients can return to normal activities much sooner than they would after traditional surgery. Many IR procedures are outpatient, so you can go home the same day. 2. Reduced Need for General Anesthesia Many interventional radiology procedures only require local anesthesia and mild sedation, which reduces the risks associated with general anesthesia. This makes IR an excellent option for patients who may not be good candidates for surgery due to age, pre-existing conditions, or other risk factors. 3. High Precision By using real-time imaging guidance, interventional radiologists can pinpoint exactly where the issue lies and treat it with unparalleled accuracy. This precision means better outcomes, particularly for conditions like cancer, where targeted therapies can minimize damage to surrounding healthy tissue. 4. Effective Results Interventional radiology treatments have been shown to be highly effective for many conditions. For example: Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE): Offers relief from symptoms like heavy bleeding and pelvic pain without the need for a hysterectomy. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) treatment: Opens up blocked arteries, restoring blood flow and reducing pain. Cancer treatments: Procedures like radiofrequency ablation or chemoembolization target tumors directly, providing powerful cancer-killing effects with fewer side effects than traditional chemotherapy or surgery. 5. Outpatient and Same-Day Procedures Many IR procedures are performed on an outpatient basis, meaning patients can often return home the same day. With no need for lengthy hospital stays, you can recover in the comfort of your own home while getting back to your routine faster. Common Interventional Radiology Procedures Here are just a few of the many procedures performed by interventional radiologists: Angioplasty and Stenting: Used to open blocked or narrowed blood vessels, helping to restore proper blood flow and reduce the risk of heart attack or stroke. Varicose Vein Treatment: Procedures like sclerotherapy or laser vein ablation can treat unsightly and painful varicose veins, improving both health and appearance. Chemoembolization: A targeted cancer treatment that delivers chemotherapy directly to a tumor, while cutting off its blood supply. Radiofrequency Ablation: A minimally invasive technique that uses heat to destroy cancer cells or shrink tumors in areas like the liver, kidneys, or lungs. Biliary Drainage: Helps clear blocked bile ducts in patients with liver disease or cancer. Is Interventional Radiology Right for You? Interventional radiology offers a wide range of solutions for patients with various medical conditions. If you are facing a health issue and are seeking a minimally invasive alternative to surgery, IR may be the right option for you. At Murfreesboro Vascular and Interventional, our team is here to help you explore your options and provide personalized, compassionate care using the latest advancements in IR technology. Conclusion Interventional radiology is revolutionizing the way medical procedures are performed, offering patients safer, quicker, and more effective treatment options. With its focus on precision, minimal invasiveness, and faster recovery times, IR is a powerful tool in modern medicine. If you’re interested in learning more about how interventional radiology could benefit you, call us at  615-849-7490  to schedule a consultation. Let us help you discover how these innovative treatments can improve your health and quality of life.

Back and neck pain are among the most common health complaints, affecting millions of people worldwide. Whether caused by poor posture, injuries, or the wear and tear of daily life, these types of pain can severely limit your ability to work, exercise, and enjoy daily activities. Fortunately, stretching and physical therapy offer safe, effective ways to alleviate discomfort and promote long-term healing. At Murfreesboro Vascular and Interventional, we encourage our patients to explore these non-invasive methods for managing back and neck pain. Understanding the Causes of Back and Neck Pain Back and neck pain can have many different causes, including: Poor posture: Sitting or standing with improper posture puts extra strain on the muscles and joints, particularly in the neck and lower back. Muscle strains: Overexertion, lifting heavy objects, or sudden movements can cause muscles to strain or spasm. Herniated discs: When the soft material inside a spinal disc pushes out, it can put pressure on surrounding nerves, causing pain in the back, neck, or legs. Degenerative conditions : Arthritis or age-related degeneration of the spine can lead to chronic pain and stiffness. Injuries: Car accidents, sports injuries, or falls can cause trauma to the spine, muscles, and ligaments, resulting in long-lasting discomfort. No matter the cause, stretching and physical therapy can play a critical role in reducing pain, improving mobility, and preventing further injury. The Benefits of Stretching for Back and Neck Pain Stretching is one of the simplest and most effective ways to relieve tension, improve flexibility, and support overall spine health. Regular stretching helps: Increase flexibility: Stretching lengthens muscles and tendons, improving your range of motion and making it easier to move without pain. Relieve muscle tension: Tight muscles in the back, neck, and shoulders are a common cause of pain. Stretching helps release this tension, providing immediate relief. Improve posture: Many people suffer from back and neck pain due to poor posture, especially from long hours sitting at a desk. Stretching helps correct imbalances and strengthen postural muscles. Prevent injury: Stretching improves muscle elasticity and joint mobility, reducing the risk of strains, sprains, and other injuries. Simple Stretches for Back and Neck Pain Relief Here are a few stretches that can help alleviate discomfort and improve mobility: Neck Tilt: Slowly tilt your head toward your shoulder and hold for 15–30 seconds on each side to relieve tension in the neck. Child’s Pose: This yoga pose gently stretches the lower back and hips, relieving tension in the spine. Cat-Cow Stretch: This stretch involves alternating between arching and rounding the back, which helps increase flexibility and relieve tension in the lower and upper back. Hamstring Stretch: Tight hamstrings can contribute to lower back pain. Stretching them regularly can improve flexibility and reduce strain on the lower back. Thoracic Rotation Stretch: While sitting or standing, rotate your upper body to one side, hold, and then switch sides to stretch the muscles in your upper back. The Role of Physical Therapy in Treating Back and Neck Pain While stretching can help with flexibility and tension, physical therapy offers a more structured and comprehensive approach to treating back and neck pain. Physical therapists are trained professionals who assess the underlying causes of pain and design personalized treatment plans to address these issues. The goal is not just to alleviate pain temporarily but to correct underlying problems and improve overall function. Benefits of Physical Therapy: Targeted Treatment: Physical therapists create customized exercises and stretches tailored to each patient’s condition, focusing on specific areas of pain and dysfunction. Strengthening Muscles: Strengthening core muscles and those supporting the spine can help stabilize the back and neck, reducing pain and preventing future issues. Improving Posture and Alignment: Poor posture is a common cause of chronic pain. Physical therapy can correct posture through exercises that train muscles to support proper alignment. Pain Management Techniques: Physical therapists use a variety of techniques such as manual therapy, ultrasound, heat therapy, and electrical stimulation to reduce pain and inflammation. Injury Prevention: Physical therapy focuses on identifying movement patterns or habits that contribute to pain, helping patients make adjustments to prevent re-injury. Common Physical Therapy Techniques for Back and Neck Pain: Manual therapy: Hands-on techniques like massage, joint mobilization, or soft tissue manipulation to relieve muscle tension and improve movement. Therapeutic exercises: Targeted exercises to strengthen muscles, improve flexibility, and enhance stability around the spine. Posture training: Exercises and education to improve body mechanics and posture, which can prevent or reduce pain. Core strengthening: Building strength in the abdominal and lower back muscles to support the spine and reduce stress on the back. Combining Stretching and Physical Therapy for Long-Term Results For many patients, the combination of regular stretching and a structured physical therapy program offers the most effective approach to managing back and neck pain. Stretching can be easily incorporated into a daily routine to maintain flexibility and prevent tension buildup, while physical therapy provides targeted, professional care that addresses the root causes of pain. By working together, these two approaches can: Improve mobility: Stretching and physical therapy both help increase your range of motion, making it easier to perform daily activities without pain. Reduce pain and inflammation: Stretching keeps muscles flexible, while physical therapy provides focused care to reduce inflammation and address imbalances. Strengthen the body: Physical therapy exercises target weak muscles that contribute to poor posture and pain, helping build strength and stability over time. When to Seek Help for Back and Neck Pain While stretching and physical therapy are effective treatments for many cases of back and neck pain, it’s important to seek medical advice if: Your pain is severe or lasts for more than a few weeks. You experience pain that radiates down your legs or arms. You have numbness, tingling, or weakness in your limbs. You’ve been injured or suspect a serious condition, such as a herniated disc or spinal fracture. At Murfreesboro Vascular and Interventional, our team is committed to helping patients manage pain and improve their quality of life with safe, effective, and non-invasive treatments. Whether you’re dealing with chronic pain or a recent injury, we can help you find the right approach to regain your strength and mobility. Conclusion Back and neck pain don’t have to be part of your daily life. With the right combination of stretching and physical therapy, you can reduce pain, improve flexibility, and prevent future injuries. These non-invasive treatments offer long-term relief and are often the first line of defense in managing discomfort without the need for medication or surgery. If you’re ready to take control of your back or neck pain, contact us today to schedule a consultation and learn how stretching and physical therapy can work for you!

At Murfreesboro Vascular and Interventional, our patients mean the world to us. As a way of saying thank you for trusting us with your care, we are excited to offer FREE vein screenings to both new and existing patients now through the end of the year!

Venous insufficiency is a common yet often overlooked condition that affects millions of people, causing swelling, discomfort, and even more serious complications if left untreated. For those dealing with venous insufficiency, compression stocking therapy offers a simple, non-invasive solution that can significantly improve circulation and alleviate symptoms. At Murfreesboro Vascular and Interventional, we frequently recommend compression stockings as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for managing venous insufficiency. Here’s how they work and why they’re so effective. What is Venous Insufficiency? Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) occurs when the veins in the legs fail to efficiently return blood to the heart. Normally, veins have one-way valves that prevent blood from flowing backward as it travels upward from the legs. When these valves become damaged or weakened, blood can pool in the legs, leading to symptoms like: Swelling (edema): Particularly in the lower legs and ankles. Leg pain or aching: Often worsening after standing or sitting for long periods. Varicose veins: Enlarged, twisted veins that are visible just under the skin. Skin changes: Such as discoloration, dryness, or even ulcers in severe cases. Venous insufficiency is often caused by factors such as aging, obesity, prolonged sitting or standing, pregnancy, and a family history of vein problems. Left untreated, it can lead to more serious complications like skin ulcers or blood clots. How Compression Stockings Help Compression stockings are specially designed socks or stockings that apply graduated pressure to the legs, with the highest pressure at the ankle and gradually decreasing up the leg. This gentle but firm compression helps support the veins and improves blood flow, reducing the pooling of blood and relieving symptoms of venous insufficiency. Key Benefits of Compression Stocking Therapy: Improves Blood Flow: By applying consistent pressure, compression stockings help the veins push blood back toward the heart, reducing the risk of blood pooling in the legs. Reduces Swelling: Compression helps prevent fluid buildup in the tissues, which can cause swelling in the feet, ankles, and lower legs. Alleviates Pain and Discomfort: Many patients find that wearing compression stockings relieves the heaviness, aching, and fatigue often associated with venous insufficiency. Prevents Complications: Regular use of compression stockings can reduce the risk of developing varicose veins, skin ulcers, or more serious complications like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) . How Do Compression Stockings Work? Compression stockings are designed to deliver graduated compression, meaning they apply more pressure at the ankle and gradually less as they go up the leg. This pressure gradient encourages blood flow toward the heart, preventing blood from pooling in the lower extremities. Here’s how they help: Supports vein function: By compressing the leg tissues and veins, the stockings help the valves in the veins work more efficiently, preventing blood from flowing backward. Reduces inflammation: Improved circulation helps reduce the inflammation that causes swelling and pain in venous insufficiency. Prevents fluid buildup: Compression stockings prevent excess fluid from leaking into surrounding tissues, which can reduce edema. Types of Compression Stockings There are different types of compression stockings , and the right choice for you depends on the severity of your condition and your lifestyle needs. They come in various lengths (knee-high, thigh-high, or full-length) and compression levels, measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). The most common types include: 1. Graduated Compression Stockings These stockings apply the highest pressure at the ankle and gradually decrease as they move up the leg. They are available in various compression levels: Mild (8-15 mmHg): Ideal for preventing mild swelling and improving circulation in individuals who stand or sit for extended periods. Moderate (15-20 mmHg): Often used for varicose veins, mild swelling, and preventing venous issues during pregnancy. Firm (20-30 mmHg): Recommended for more serious conditions like chronic venous insufficiency or moderate varicose veins. Extra firm (30-40 mmHg): Typically prescribed for severe venous issues, such as deep vein thrombosis or post-surgical recovery. 2. Elastic Compression Socks Elastic compression socks are easier to put on and are typically used for milder cases of venous insufficiency or for those who want to prevent problems before they arise. They offer mild to moderate compression and are often used by people who spend long hours on their feet. 3. Custom-Fit Compression Stockings For patients with more severe venous insufficiency or unique leg shapes, custom-fit compression stockings may be recommended. These stockings are tailored to the individual’s measurements and provide more precise compression where it’s needed most. When to Wear Compression Stockings Compression stockings are most effective when worn consistently, especially during periods when you’re likely to be standing or sitting for long stretches. Here are some tips for wearing them effectively: Wear them in the morning: Put on your stockings first thing in the morning when your legs are less swollen. Remove them before bed : Compression stockings are typically worn during the day and removed at night when you’re lying down. Consistent use: Wearing them regularly is key to seeing long-term benefits, especially for those with chronic venous insufficiency. Are Compression Stockings Right for You? While compression stockings are a widely recommended treatment for venous insufficiency , it’s important to consult with your healthcare provider to determine the right level of compression for your condition. At Murfreesboro Vascular and Interventional, we offer comprehensive evaluations to help you find the best treatment plan for managing your venous health, including guidance on choosing the right compression therapy. Conclusion Compression stocking therapy is a simple yet highly effective way to manage the symptoms of venous insufficiency. By improving circulation, reducing swelling, and alleviating discomfort, compression stockings can significantly enhance your quality of life. Whether you’re dealing with mild leg swelling or more advanced venous disease, compression therapy can be an important part of your treatment plan. At Murfreesboro Vascular and Interventional, we are dedicated to helping our patients find the most effective and minimally invasive treatments for venous insufficiency. If you’re experiencing symptoms or have questions about compression stocking therapy, call  615-849-7490  to schedule a consultation and take the first step toward healthier, more comfortable legs!

Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE)

We’ve got exciting news! Murfreesboro Vascular and Interventional is moving! We’ve acquired a new, larger space to accommodate our continued growth.   Beginning March 2nd, our new office will be in Suite 200 of the Seton building. We’ll still be in the same building, just 2 floors lower. Our new address is:   1840 Medical Center Parkway Suite 200 Murfreeesboro, TN 37129   We look forward to continuing to provide excellent care in our new office!

A genetic study of nearly half a million people concludes that height is “not just a correlated factor, but an underlying mechanism leading to varicose veins.”   Women are at a higher risk of varicose veins, but new research suggests that height is also a factor.   Varicose veins — also known as spider veins — are “swollen, twisted veins” that can usually be seen right beneath the skin on a person’s legs.    According to the most recent estimates, the condition affects approximately 33 million people in the United States.  The condition is generally considered quite harmless, but previous studies have found a strong association with serious cardiovascular problems, such as blood clotting and deep vein thrombosis .    Also, varicose veins may be moderately painful and aesthetically unpleasant to some people. Now, a large-scale genetic study published in Circulation suggests that a person’s height may determine their risk of developing varicose veins.    The new research was jointly supervised by Dr. Nicholas Leeper, an associate professor of surgery and cardiovascular medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine in California and Dr. Erik Ingelsson, a professor of cardiovascular medicine at Stanford University.  Height may indicate genetic cause  Dr. Leeper and his colleagues applied machine learning and statistical methods to examine the genetic data of 493,519 people who were registered in the UK Biobank database.  Furthermore, the researchers conducted a genome-wide association study in 337,536 of these individuals, 9,577 of whom developed varicose veins.  The study confirmed previously known risk factors for varicose vein disease, such as age, sex, weight, and lifestyle habits including smoking and being sedentary.  However, the study also identified some new risk factors. “We confirmed that having had deep vein thrombosis in the past puts you at increased risk in the future,” Dr. Leeper explains.  Of all the new risk factors identified, the scientists deemed height as the most surprising. “Greater height remained independently associated with varicose veins,” the study authors report.  “We were very surprised to find that height came up from our machine-learning analyses,” says co-first study author Alyssa Flores, a Stanford University medical student.  “Our results strongly suggest height is a cause, not just a correlated factor, but an underlying mechanism leading to varicose veins,” says Dr. Ingelsson.  He adds, “By conducting the largest genetic study ever performed for varicose vein disease, we now have a much better understanding of the biology that is altered in people at risk for the disease.”  “Genes that predict a person’s height may be at the root of this link between height and varicose veins and may provide clues for treating the condition.” — Dr. Nicholas Leeper  The recent study also identified 30 genes that are not just tied to varicose veins , but also to deep vein thrombosis .  “Varicose vein disease,” says Flores, “is incredibly prevalent but shockingly little is known about the biology.  “We’re hoping,” she adds, “that with this new information, we can create new therapies, as our study highlights several genes that may represent new translational targets.”  As always, we are here at MVI to treat your varicose vein issues. Call 615-849-7490 to schedule a consultation today!